The origin of brains and central nervous systems (CNSs) is thought to have occurred before the Palaeozoic era 540 Ma. Yet in the absence of tangible evidence, there has been continued debate whether ...

Homology—a similar trait shared by different species and derived from common ancestry, such as a seal's fin and a bird's wing— is one of the most fundamental yet challenging concepts in evolutionary ...

The six-layered neocortex of the mammalian pallium has no clear homolog in birds or non-avian reptiles. Recent research indicates that although these extant amniotes possess a variety of divergent and ...

The theory of evolution / David P. Mindell and Samuel M. Scheiner -- Part 1: Overarching Issues. Historicizing the synthesis: critical insights and pivotal moments in the long history of evolutionary ...

Non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) between highly identical SDs causes further rearrangements depending on the location and orientation of the SD copies involved. Tandem duplications and ...