Multiscale ordination is a technique for examining spatial patterns of several species at several scales. We present a paired-quadrat method (paired quadrat covariance; PQC) to be used in multiscale ...

These are placed on the ground to look at the plants or slow-moving animals within them. When looking at plants in a quadrat, the following sampling can be used: Random close randomOccurring without a ...

Quadratic graph lines are U- or Ո-shaped, which is called a parabola. A linear graph can be drawn using only three points. A quadratic graph is a curve, so more points are plotted to support accuracy.